Handwritten Notes
Semester 2
BP 204T.PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (THEORY)
Unit I
• Basic principles of Cell injury and Adaptation:
Introduction, definitions, Homeostasis, Components, and Types of Feedback systems, Causes of cellular injury, Pathogenesis (Cell membrane damage, Mitochondrial damage, Ribosome damage, Nuclear damage), Morphology of cell injury — Adaptive changes (Atrophy, Hypertrophy, hyperplasia, Metaplasia, Dysplasia), Cell swelling, Intracellular accumulation, Calcification, Enzyme leakage, and Cell Death Acidosis &A1ka1osis, Electro1yte imbalance
• Basic mechanism involved in the process of inflammation and repair:
Introduction, Clinical signs of inflammation, Different types of inflammation, Mechanism of
Inflammation — Alteration in vascular permeability and blood flow, migration of
WBC’s, Mediators of inflammation, Basic principles of wound healing in the
skin, Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis
Unit II
• Cardiovascular System:
Hypertension, congestive heart failure, ischemic heart disease (angina, myocardial infarction,
atherosclerosis, and arteriosclerosis)
• Respiratory system: Asthma, Chronic obstructive airway diseases.
• Renal system: Acute and chronic renal failure
Unit III
• Haematological Diseases:
Iron deficiency, megaloblastic anemia (Vit B12 and folic acid), sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, hereditary acquired anemia, hemophilia
• Endocrine system: Diabetes, thyroid diseases, disorders of sex hormones
• Nervous system: Epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, stroke, psychiatric disorders: depression,
schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease.
• Gastrointestinal system: Peptic Ulcer
Unit IV
• Inflammatory bowel diseases, jaundice, hepatitis (A, B, C, D, E, F) alcoholic liver disease.
• Disease of bones and joints: Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, and gout
• Principles of cancer: classification, etiology, and pathogenesis of cancer
• Diseases of bones and joints: Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout
• Principles of Cancer: Classification, etiology, and pathogenesis of Cancer
Unit V
• Infectious diseases: Meningitis, Typhoid, Leprosy, Tuberculosis Urinary tract infections
• Sexually transmitted diseases: AIDS, Syphilis, Gonorrhea
Recommended Books (Latest Editions)
1. Vinay Kumar, Abul K. Abas, Jon C. Aster; Robbins &Cotran Pathologic Basis of
Disease; South Asia edition; India; Elsevier; 2014.
2. Harsh Mohan; Textbook of Pathology; 6" edition; India; Jaypee Publications; 2010.
3. Laurence B, Bruce C, Bjorn K.; Goodman Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of
Therapeutics; 12" edition; New York; McGraw-Hill; 2011.
4. Best, Charles Herbert 1899-1978; Taylor, Norman Burke 1885-1972; West, John B
(John Burnard); Best and Taylor's Physiological basis of medical practice; 12th ed; united states;
5. William and Wilkins, Baltimore; 1991 [1990 printing].
6. Nicki R. Colledge, Brian R. Walker, Stuart H. Ralston; Davidson’s Principles and Practice of
Medicine; 21" edition; London; ELBS/Churchill Livingstone; 2010.
7. Guyton A, John. E Hall; Textbook of Medical Physiology; 12áµ— edition; WB Saunders Company; 2010.
8. Joseph DiPiro, Robert L. Talbert, Gary Yee, Barbara Wells, L. Michael
Posey; Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiological Approach; 9" edition; London; McGraw-Hill
Medical; 2014.
9. V. Kumar, R. S. Cotran and S. L. Robbins; Basic Pathology; 6áµ— edition;
Philadelphia; WB Saunders Company; 1997.
10. Roger Walker, Clive Edwards; Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics; 3’d edition; London;
Churchill Livingstone publication; 2003.
Recommended Journals
1. The Journal of Pathology. ISSN: 1096-9896 (Online)
2. The American Journal of Pathology. ISSN: 0002-9440
3. Pathology. 1465-3931 (Online)
4. International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Pharmacology. ISSN: 1944-8171
(Online)
S. Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology. ISSN-0377-4929.
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